Los operadores de redes móviles (MNOs) de todo el mundo están comenzando a eliminar sus redes 3G (y eventualmente 2G) para dar paso a la 5G.
Las redes lo llaman el apagón 3G y 2G. Pero con un gran número de aplicaciones de máquina a máquina (M2M) y del Internet de las Cosas (IoT) que todavía dependen de los servicios 3G y 2G, los propietarios de estas soluciones deben considerar la necesidad de retirarlas del servicio, cambiar las SIM, actualizarlas y/o sustituirlas por completo.
El ocaso de estas tecnologías lleva tiempo preocupando a los desarrolladores de productos del Internet de las Cosas (IoT). El impacto en los despliegues IoT depende de una serie de factores, incluyendo (pero no limitado a) el módulo celular en uso, el tipo de SIM, la configuración de la conectividad y la disponibilidad de servicios portadores alternativos. Aconsejamos a todos los clientes que evalúen el posible impacto que los atascos de red puedan tener en sus despliegues de extremo a extremo.
La próxima generación de productos IoT utilizará las tecnologías 4G, 5G y las últimas redes de baja potencia (LPWAN) para garantizar que permanezcan conectados durante todo su ciclo de vida.
Wireless Logic está aquí para ayudar
Una migración exitosa a LPWAN, 4G o 5G necesita una planificación cuidadosa. Siéntese con un experto en conectividad IoT de Wireless Logic y…
- Evaluaremos sus aplicaciones 3G/2G IoT actuales y futuras
- Propondremos una serie de opciones y le ayudaremos a trazar un plan de despliegue o transición
- Nos centraremos en poner a punto su despliegue para el futuro y en optimizar los costes de propiedad
Nuestra guía “Preparárate para el apagón de las redes 2G y 3G” ofrece una explicación sencilla de los cambios y de los pasos que debe dar para afrontarlos.
En esta guía descubrirá:
- sel apagón en detalle, por qué se produce, el impacto y plazos
- las capacidades y características de las tecnologías de próxima generación LPWAN
- los siguientes pasos para preparar sus despliegues IoT existentes o previstos para el futuro
Para entender el impacto en su despliegue IoT y para obtener ayuda sobre cómo planificar este cambio…
Fechas de apagado de las redes 2G y 3G
Aunque intentaremos mantener esta lista con la mayor exactitud posible, no estamos haciendo un seguimiento global de cada red para actualizarla. Es posible que las redes que no aparezcan en esta tabla no hayan hecho públicos sus planes de apagón de redes 2G o 3G. Oficialmente, las redes sólo tienen que avisar con tres meses de antelación para confirmar el cierre de los servicios de red.
| COUNTRY | NETWORK | SERVICE | CLOSURE | DETAILS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | Vodafone - Albania | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Australia | Optus | 2G | 2017 | 2G network closed in 2017 |
| Australia | Vodafone Australia | 2G | 2018 | 2G network closed in 2018 |
| Australia | Telstra | 2G | 2016 | 2G network closed in 2016 |
| Australia | Telstra | 3G | Jun-24 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Austria | A1 Telekom Austria | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Austria | T-Mobile Austria | 3G | Dec-24 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Bahrain | Bahrain Telecommunications | 2G | Nov-21 | 2G network closed in 2021 |
| Bahrain | Zain Bahrain | 3G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Bangladesh | Grameenphone Ltd | 3G | 2026 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Belgium | Orange | 3G | Dec-25 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Belgium | Orange | 2G | Dec-30 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Brazil | Sercomtel | 2G | 2016 | 2G network closed in 2016 |
| Bulgaria | A1 Bulgaria | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Cambodia | Smart Axiata | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Canada | SaskTel | 2G | Jul-17 | 2G Network closed in 2017 |
| Canada | Rogers | 2G | Dec 21 | 2G not supported from Dec-2021 |
| Canada | Rogers | 3G | 3G Network closure timing unconfirmed | |
| China | China Unicom | 2G | Dec-22 | 3G Network closure in 2022 |
| China | China Mobile | 3G | Dec-20 | 3G network closure in 2020 |
| Czech Republic | T-Mobile Czech Republic | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Czech Republic | Vodafone Czech Republic a.s. | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Czech Republic | T-Mobile Czech Republic | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Czech Republic | O2 Czech Republic | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Czech Republic | Vodafone Czech Republic | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Denmark | Telenor | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Denmark | Telia | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Denmark | Telenor | 3G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Denmark | Telia | 3G | Sep-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Denmark | TDC | 3G | Mar-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Denmark | 3 Denmark | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Denmark | Three | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Estonia | Telia Eesti | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Estonia | Telia Eesti | 3G | Dec-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Finland | lands Telekommunikation | 2G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Finland | DNA | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Finland | Telia Finland | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Finland | Telia Finland | 3G | Dec-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Finland | DNA | 3G | Dec-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Finland | Elisa | 3G | Dec-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| France | Orange France | 3G | Dec-28 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| France | Orange France | 2G | Dec-25 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| France | Bouygues Tlcom | 3G | No plans announced for 3G network closure | |
| France | Bouygues Tlcom | 2G | No plans announced for 2G network closure | |
| France | SFR | 2G | No plans announced for 2G network closure | |
| France | SFR | 3G | No plans announced for 3G network closure | |
| Germany | Vodafone | 2G | No plans announced for 2G network closure | |
| Germany | Telefonica Germany | 2G | No plans announced for 2G network closure | |
| Germany | Deutsche Telekom | 2G | No plans announced for 2G network closure | |
| Germany | Vodafone | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Germany | Deutsche Telekom | 3G | 2021 | 3G Network closure in 2021 |
| Germany | Vodafone | 3G | 2021 | 3G Network closure in 2021 |
| Germany | Telefonica Germany | 3G | 2021 | 3G Network closure in 2021 |
| Greece | Vodafone-Panafon Hellenic | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Greece | Cosmote Mobile Telecommunications | 3G | Feb-22 | 3G Network closed in 2022 |
| Greece | Vodafone-Panafon Hellenic | 3G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Greece | Wind Hellas Telecommunications | 3G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Hong Kong | China Mobile | 2G | Dec-22 | 2G Services withdrawn in Dec 2021 |
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong Telecommunications (HKT) | 2G | Sep-21 | 2G network closed in 2021 |
| Hong Kong | Hutchison Telecommunications Hong Kong | 2G | Sep-21 | 2G network closed in 2021 |
| Hong Kong | SmarTone Mobile Communications | 2G | Dec 22 | 2G Services withdrawn in Dec 2021 |
| Hungary | Vodafone Hungary | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Hungary | Vodafone Hungary | 3G | Nov-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| India | Bharti Airtel Limited | 2G | Dec-23 | Phasing out 2G services from Dec-23 |
| India | Vodafone | 3G | Apr-22 | 3G Network closed in 2022 |
| India | BSNL | 3G | Dec-24 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Indonesia | XL Axiata | 2G | Dec-22 | 2G network closure by end 2022 |
| Indonesia | XL Axiata | 3G | Mar-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Ireland | Vodafone Ireland | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Israel | Cellcom Israel | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Israel | Cellcom Israel | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Israel | Pelephone Communication | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Israel | Partner Communications | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Israel | Partner Communications | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Italy | Telecom Italia | 2G | Dec-29 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Italy | Vodafone Italia | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Italy | Vodafone Italia | 3G | Feb-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Italy | Telecom Italia | 3G | Jun-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Japan | KDDI | 3G | Mar-22 | CDMA 3G Network closed in 2022 |
| Japan | SoftBank | 3G | Jan-24 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Japan | NTT DOCOMO | 3G | Mar-26 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Liechtenstein | Swisscom Ltd | 2G | 2021 | 2G Services withdrawn in 2021 |
| Liechtenstein | Swisscom Ltd | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Lithuania | Telia Lietuva | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Lithuania | Bite Lithuania | 2G | Dec-28 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Lithuania | Telia Lietuva | 3G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Lithuania | Bite Lithuania | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Luxembourg | Orange | 3G | Dec-25 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Luxembourg | Orange | 2G | Dec-30 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Luxembourg | POST Luxembourg | 3G | Jun-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Malaysia | Celcom Axiata Berhad | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Malaysia | Digi Telecommunications | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Malaysia | Maxis Broadband | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Malaysia | U Mobile | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| MALTA | Vodafone Malta | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Mexico | AT&T Comercializacion Movil | 2G | Sep-19 | 2G network closed in 2019 |
| Myanmar | Telenor Myanmar | 2G | Dec-24 | 2G switch off estimated by end 2024 |
| Myanmar | Telenor Myanmar | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Netherlands | T-Mobile | 2G | Jun-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Netherlands | Vodafone | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Netherlands | KPN | 2G | No confirmation of plans for 2G | |
| Netherlands | Vodafone | 3G | Feb-20 | 3G Network closed in 2020 |
| Netherlands | KPN | 3G | Apr-22 | 3G network closed in 2022 |
| Netherlands | T-Mobile | 3G | No timeline announced for 3G network closure | |
| Netherlands Antilles | Telcell N.V. | 2G | Jan-19 | 3G Network closed in 2019 |
| New Caledonia | Office des Postes et Telecommunications | 3G | Jan-30 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| New Zealand | 2 degrees New Zealand (NZLNH) | 2G | Mar-18 | 3G Network closed in 2018 |
| New Zealand | Vodafone New Zealand | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Norway | Telenor Norge AS | 2G | Sep-27 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Norway | Telia Norge | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Norway | Telia Norge | 3G | Nov-21 | 3G Network closed in 2021 |
| Norway | Telenor Norge AS | 3G | Dec-21 | 3G Network closure in 2021 |
| Poland | Orange | 3G | Dec-25 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Poland | Orange | 2G | Dec-30 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Pakistan | Telenor Pakistan | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Pakistan | Telenor Pakistan | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Poland | T-Mobile Polska | 3G | Jan 23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Portugal | Vodafone Portugal | 2G | Dec-25 | Likely 2G network closure in 2025 |
| Portugal | Vodafone Portugal | 3G | Mar-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Puerto Rico | AT&T Mobility Puerto Rico | 2G | 2022 | 2G network closed in 2022 |
| Puerto Rico | Puerto Rico Telephone Company | 2G | Mar-22 | 2G network closed in 2022 |
| Puerto Rico | AT&T Mobility Puerto Rico | 3G | Feb-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Puerto Rico | Puerto Rico Telephone Company | 3G | Dec-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Romania | Orange | 3G | Dec-25 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Romania | Orange | 2G | Dec-30 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Romania | Telekom Romania | 2G | Jan-29 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Romania | Telekom Romania | 3G | Jul-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Romania | Vodafone Romania | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Slovakia | Orange | 3G | Dec-25 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Slovakia | Orange | 2G | Dec-30 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Saudi Arabi | Saudi Telecom Company (STC) | 3G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Singapore | M1 | 2G | 2017 | 2G network closed in 2017 |
| Singapore | Singtel | 2G | 2017 | 2G network closed in 2017 |
| South Africa | Mobile Telephone Networks | 3G | Dec-24 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Singapore | StarHub | 2G | 2017 | 2G network closed in 2017 |
| Slovakia | Slovak Telekom | 3G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Spain | Orange | 3G | Dec-25 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Spain | Orange | 2G | Dec-30 | Confirmed Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Spain | Vodafone | 2G | 2025 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Spain | Movistar (Telefonica Spain) | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Spain | Telefonica | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Spain | Vodafone | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Sri Lanka | Dialog Axiata | 3G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Sweden | Tele2 | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Sweden | Telenor Sverige | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Sweden | Telia | 2G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Switzerland | Salt Mobile | 2G | Dec-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Sweden | Telenor Sverige | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Sweden | Tele2 | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Sweden | Telia | 3G | Dec-23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Switzerland | Sunrise Communications AG | 2G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| Switzerland | Swisscom Ltd | 2G | Dec-20 | 2G network closed in 2020 |
| Switzerland | Swisscom Ltd | 3G | Dec-25 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Taiwan Province of China | Chunghwa Telecom | 2G | Jun-17 | 2G network closed in 2017 |
| Taiwan Province of China | Far EasTone Telecommunications Co Ltd | 2G | Jun-17 | 2G network closed in 2017 |
| Taiwan Province of China | Chunghwa Telecom | 3G | Dec-24 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Taiwan Province of China | Taiwan Mobile | 2G | Jun-17 | 2G network closed in 2017 |
| Taiwan Province of China | Taiwan Mobile | 3G | Dec-24 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Thailand | CAT Telecom | 2G | Oct-19 | 2G network closed in 2019 |
| UAE | Emirates Integrated Telecommunications | 2G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| UAE | Emirates Telecom | 2G | Dec-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 2G network closure |
| UK | EE | 3G | Dec 22 | 3G Support will cease at the end of 2022 and connectivity will default to 2G |
| UK | Vodafone | 3G | Dec 23 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| UK | Three | 3G | Dec-24 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| UK | EE | 2G | EE 2G network closure estimated 2026-2029 | |
| UK | Vodafone | 2G | 2026 | Vodafone 2G network closure will be earliest 2026 |
| UK | O2 | 2G | No plans announced for 2G network closure | |
| UK | O2 | 3G | 3G phase-out confirmed, but no confirmed dates | |
| United States | AT&T | 2G | 2017 | 2G network closed in 2017 |
| United States | Verizon | 2G | Dec 20 | Shut down its 2G CDMA network at end 2020 |
| United States | Sprint | 2G | Jan 22 | CDMA 2G Network closed in 2022 |
| United States | T-Mobile | 2G | No date set | |
| United States | AT&T | 3G | Feb 22 | 3G Network closed in 2022 |
| United States | Sprint | 3G | Jun-22 | LTE Network due to be retired. 3G CDMA network retired in March 2022 |
| United States | T-Mobile | 3G | Jul 22 | Estimated Timeframe for 3G UMTS network closure |
| United States | Verizon | 3G | Dec 22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Vietnam | Viettel | 3G | Jun-22 | Estimated Timeframe for full 3G network closure |
| Vietnam | GTEL Mobile | 2G | Jan 22 | 3G Network closed in 2022 |